Test of Measurement Invariance, and Evidence for Reliability and Validity of AMAS Scores in Dutch Secondary School and University Students

The Abbreviated Math Anxiety Scale (AMAS) is commonly used to compare groups on math anxiety. Group comparisons should however be preceded by a demonstration of metric and scalar measurement invariance, which currently only available for undergraduate students in the USA. This study tested invariance AMAS scores across sexes age investigated reliability validity evidence. Dutch secondary school ( N = 1504) university 629) completed reported their grades. Subsamples also questionnaires related (e.g., trait anxiety) unrelated constructs anxiety learning foreign language). Results multi-group Confirmatory Factor Analyses showed 2-factor structure that was detected earlier studies supported partial although cross-loadings one item were included female group improve model fit. Reliability ranged from acceptable good supported.